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brother  Sam  Mirza�察 �the  men  responsible  for  the  book¨s  creation。  I  was 
absolutely certain that the heroes of whichever story I conjured while looking 
at  the  page  would  appear  there  in  the  sultan¨s  tent�察 �and  I  thanked  God  for 
giving me the chance to see this miraculous page。 
In  an  illustration  by  Sheikh  Muhammad�察 �one  of  the  great  masters  of  the 
same legendary era�察�a poor subject whose awe and affection for his sultan had 
reached the level of pure love was desperately hoping�察�as he watched the sultan 
play polo�察�that the ball would roll toward him so he could grab it and present 
it  to  his  sovereign。  After  he¨d  waited  long  and  patiently�察 �the  ball  did  indeed 
e  to  him�察 �and  he  was  depicted  handing  it  to  the  sultan。  As  had  been 
described to me thousands of times�察�the love�察�awe and submission that a poor 
subject  aptly  feels  toward  a  great  khan  or  an  exalted  monarch�察 �or  that  a 
handsome young apprentice feels toward his master�察�was rendered here with 
such delicacy and deep passion�察�from the extension of the subject¨s fingers 
holding  the  ball  to  his  inability  to  summon  the  courage  to  look  at  the 
sovereign¨s face�察�that while looking at this page�察�I knew there was no greater 
joy  in  the  world  than  to  be  apprentice  to  a  great  master�察 �and  that  such 
submissiveness verging on servility was no less a pleasure than being master to 
a young�察�pretty and intelligent apprentice!and I grieved for those who would 
never know this truth。 
I  turned  the  pages�察 �gazing  hurriedly  but  with  rapt  attention  upon 
thousands of birds�察�horses�察�soldiers�察�lovers�察�camels�察�trees and clouds�察�while the 
Treasury¨s  happy  dwarf�察 �like  a  shah  of  elder  days  given  the  opportunity  to 
exhibit his riches and wealth�察�proudly and undauntedly removed volume after 
volume from chests and placed them before me。 From two separate corners of 
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an  iron  chest  stuffed  with  amazing  tomes�察 �mon  books  and  disorderly 
albums�察�there emerged two extraordinary volumes!one bound in the Shiraz 
style  with  a  burgundy  cover�察 �the  other  bound  in  Herat  and  finished  with  a 
dark  lacquer  in  the  Chinese  fashion!which  contained  pages  so  resembling 
each  other  that  at  first  I  thought  they  were  copies。  While  I  was  trying  to 
determine  which  book  was  the  original  and  which  the  copy�察 �I  examined  the 
names of the calligraphers on the colophons�察�looked for hidden signatures�察�and 
finally  came  to  the  realization�察 �with  a  shudder�察 �that  these  two  volumes  of 
Nizami were the legendary books that Master Sheikh Ali of Tabriz had made�察�
one for the Khan of the Blacksheep�察�Jihan Shah�察�and the other for the Khan of 
the  Whitesheep�察 �Tall  Hasan。  After  he  was  blinded  by  the  Blacksheep  shah  to 
prevent him from making another version of the first volume�察�the great master 
artist took refuge with the Whitesheep khan and created a superior copy from 
memory。 To see that the pictures in the second of the legendary books�察�made 
when  he  was  blind�察 �were  simpler  and  purer�察 �while  the  colors  in  the  first 
volume were more lively and invigorating�察�reminded me that the memory of 
the blind exposes the merciless simplicity of life but also deadens its vigor。 
Since  I  myself  am  a  genuine  great  master�察 �so  acknowledged  by  Almighty 
Allah�察�who sees and knows all�察�I knew that one day I would go blind�察�but is this 
what I wanted now�拭�Since His presence could be sensed quite nearby in the 
exquisite and terrifying darkness of the cluttered Treasury�察�like a condemned 
man who wishes to look upon the world one last time before he is beheaded�察�I 
asked Him�此 �Allow me to see all these illustrations and have my fill of them。 ̄ 
As  I  turned  the  pages�察 �by  the  force  of  God¨s  inscrutable  wisdom�察 �I 
frequently came across legends and matters of blindness。 In the famous scene 
showing Shirin on a countryside outing falling in love with H┨srev after seeing 
his  picture  on  the  branch  of  a  plane  tree�察 �Sheikh  Ali  R��za  from  Shiraz  had 
drawn distinctly all the leaves of the tree one by one so they filled the entire 
sky。  In  answer  to  a  fool  who  saw  the  work  and  mented  that  the  true 
subject of the illustration wasn¨t the plane tree�察�Sheikh Ali replied that the true 
subject  wasn¨t  the  passion  of  the  beautiful  young  maiden  either�察 �it  was  the 
passion of the artist�察�and to proudly prove his point he attempted to paint the 
same  plane  tree  with  all  its  leaves  on  a  grain  of  rice。  If  the  signature  hidden 
beneath  the  beautiful  feet  of  Shirin¨s  darling  lady  attendants  hadn¨t  misled 
me�察�I was of course seeing the magnificent tree made by the blind master on 
paper!not the tree made on a grain of rice�察�which he left half finished�察�having 
gone blind seven years and three months after he started the task。 On another 
page�察 �R┨stem  blinding  Alexander  with  his  forked  arrow  was  depicted  in  the 
manner of artists who knew the Indian style�察�so vivaciously and colorfully�察�that 
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blindness�察 �the  ageless  sorrow  and  secret  desire  of  the  genuine  miniaturist�察�
appeared to the observer as the prologue to a joyous celebration。 
My  eyes  wandered  over  these  pictures  and  volumes�察 �no  less  with  the 
excitement of one who wanted to behold for himself these legends he¨d heard 
about for years than with the worry of an old man who sensed he would soon 
enough  never  see  anything  more。  There�察 �in  the  cold  Treasury  room  suffused 
with a dark red that I¨d never seen before!caused by the color of the cloth 
and dust within the peculiar light of the candles!I would occasionally cry out 
in  admiration�察 �whereupon  Black  and  the  dwarf  would  rush  to  my  side  and 
look over my shoulder at the magnificent page before me。 Unable to restrain 
myself�察�I¨d begin to explain�此�
^This color red belongs to the great master Mirza Baba Imami from Tabriz�察�
the secret of which he took with him to the grave。 He¨s used it for the edges of 
the carpet�察�the red of Alevi allegiance on the Persian Shah¨s turban�察�and look�察�
it¨s here on the belly of the lion on this page and on this pretty boy¨s caftan。 
Allah never directly revealed this fine red except when He let the blood of his 
subjects flow。 So that we might wearily strive to find this variety of red that is 
only  visible  to  the  naked  eye  on  man´made  cloth  and  in  the  pictures  of  the 
greatest of masters�察�God did�察�however�察�consign its secret to the rarest of insects 
living  beneath  stones�察院 �I  said  and  added�察  �Thanks  be  to  Him  who  has  now 
revealed it to us。 ̄ 
^Look at this�察院�I said much later�察�once again unable to refrain from showing 
them a masterpiece!this one could¨ve belonged in any collection of ghazals�察�
which spoke of love�察�friendship�察�spring and happiness。 We looked at the trees 
of  springtime  blooming  in  an  array  of  color�察 �the  cypresses  in  a  garden 
reminiscent of Heaven and the elation of the beloveds reclining in that garden 
as they drank wine and recited poetry�察�it was as if we in the moldy�察�dusty and 
icy Treasury could also smell those spring blossoms and the delicately scented 
skin  of  the  joyous  revelers。  ^Notice  how  the  same  artist  who  rendered  the 
forearms of the lovers�察�their beautiful naked feet�察�the elegance of their stances 
and the lazy delight of the birds fluttering about them with such sincerity�察�also 
made the crude shape of the cypress in the background� 院�I said�察 �This is the 
work of L┨tfi of Bukhara whose ill´temper and belligerence caused him to leave 
each  of  his  illustrations  half  finished�察 �he  fought  with  every  shah  and  khan 
claiming that they understood nothing of painting�察�and he never remained in 
one city for long。 This great master went from one shah¨s palace to another�察�
from city to city�察�quarreling all the way�察�never able to find a ruler whose book 
was  deserving  of  his  talents�察 �until  he  ended  up  in  the  workshop  of  an 
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inconsequential  chieftain  who  ruled  over  nothing  but  bare  mountaintops。 
Claiming that  ̄the khan¨s dominions might be small but he knows painting�察亜�
he  spent  the  remaining  twenty´five  years  of  his  life  there。  Whether  he  ever 
knew that this inconsequential lord was blind remains�察�even today�察�a subject of 
conjecture and a source of humor。 ̄ 
^Do you see this page�拭院�I said well into the night�察�and this time they both 
rushed  to  my  side�察 �candlesticks  aloft。  ^From  the  time  of  Tamerlane¨s 
grandchildren to the present�察�this volume has seen ten owners on its way here 
from Herat over a span of one hundred fifty years。 ̄ Using my magnifying lens�察�
the  three  of  us  read  the  signatures�察 �dedications�察 �historical  information  and 
names  of  sultans!who¨d  strangled  one  another!filling  every  corner  of  the 
colophon  page�察 �pinched  together�察 �between  and  on  top  of  each  other�此  �This 
volume  was  pleted  in  Herat�察 �with  the  help  of  God�察 �by  the  hand  of 
Calligrapher  Sultan  Veli�察 �son  of  Muzaffer  of  Herat�察 �in  the  year  of  the  Hegira 
849 for Ismet´┨d D┨nya�察�the wife of Muhammad Juki the victorious brother of 
the  Ruler  of  the  World�察 �Baysungur。 ̄  Later  still�察 �we  read  that  the  book  had 
passed into the possession of the Whitesheep Sultan Halil�察�thence to his son 
Yakup  Bey�察 �and  thence  to  the  Uzbek  sultans  in  the  North�察 �each  of  whom 
happily amused himself with the book for a time�察�removing or adding one or 
two  pictures�察 �beginning  with  the  first  owner�察 �they  added  the  faces  of  their 
beautiful wives to the illustrations and appended their names proudly to the 
colophon  page�察 �afterward�察 �it  passed  to  Sam  Mirza  who¨d  conquered  Herat�察�
and he made a present of it�察�with a separate dedication�察�for his elder brother�察�
Shah Ismail�察�who in turn brought it to Tabriz and had it prepared as a gift with 
yet another dedication。 When the denizen of paradise Sultan Selim the Grim 
defeated Shah Ismail at Chaldiran and plundered the Seven Heavens Palace in 
Tabriz�察 �the  book  ended  up  here  in  this  Treasury  in  Istanbul�察 �after  traveling 
across  deserts�察 �mountains  and  rivers  along  with  the  victorious  sultan¨s 
soldiers。 
How much of an aging master¨s interest and excitement did Black and the 
dwarf  share�拭 �As  I  opened  new  volumes  and  turned  their  pages�察 �I  sensed  the 
profound sorrow of thousands of illustrators from hundreds of cities large and 
small�察�each with a distinctive temperament�察�each painting under the patronage 
of  a  different  cruel  shah�察 �khan  or  chieftain�察 �each  displaying  his  talent  and 
succumbing to blindness。 I felt the pain of the beatings we all received during 
our  long  apprenticeships�察 �the  blows  inflicted  with  rulers�察 �until  our  cheeks 
turned bright red�察�or with marble polishing stones upon our shaven heads�察�as I 
flipped!with  humiliation!through  the  pages  of  a  primitive  book  that 
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displayed  methods  and  implements  of  torture。  I  had  no  idea  what  this 
miserable book was doing in the Ottoman Treasury�此�Instead of seeing torture 
as  a  necessary  practice  administered  before  the  supervision  of  a  judge  to 
ensure  Allah¨s  justice  in  the  world�察 �infidel  travelers  would  convince  their 
coreligionists  of  our  cruelty  and  evil´heartedness  by  having  dishonorable 
miniaturists abase themselves and dash off these pictures in exchange for a few 
gold  pieces。  I  was  embarrassed  at  the  obvious  depraved  pleasure  with  which 
this  miniaturist  had  drawn  pictures  of  bastinados�察 �beatings�察 �crucifixions�察�
hangings  by  the  neck  or  the  feet�察 �hookings�察 �impalings�察 �firings  from  cannon�察�
nailings�察  �stranglings�察  �the   cutting   of   throats�察  �feedings   to   hungry   dogs�察�
whippings�察�baggings�察�pressings�察�soakings in cold water�察�the plucking of hair�察�the 
breaking  of  fingers�察 �the  delicate  flayings�察 �the  cutting  off  of  noses  and  the 
removal  of  eyes。  Only  true  artists  like  us  who¨d  suffered  throughout  our 
apprenticeships  merciless  bastinados�察 �random  pummelings  and  fists  so  that 
the  irritable  master  who  drew  a  line  incorrectly  might  feel  better!not  to 
mention  hours  of  blows  from  sticks  and  rulers  so  that  the  devil  within  us 
would perish to be reborn as the jinn of inspiration!only we could feel such 
extreme  joy  by  depicting  bastinados  and  tortures�察 �only  we  could  color  these 
implements with the gaiety of coloring a child¨s kite。 
Hundreds   of   years   hence�察  �men   looking   at   our   world   through   the 
illustrations we¨ve made won¨t understand anything。 Desiring to take a closer 
look�察�yet lacking the patience�察�they might feel the embarrassment�察�the joy�察�the 
deep pain and pleasure of observation I now feel as I examine pictures in this 
freezing Treasury!but they¨ll never truly know。 As I turned the pages with my 
old   fingers   numbed   from   the   cold�察  �

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